What are the methods for washing fruits and vegetables? Generally, fruits and vegetables are sprayed with pesticides during their growth process. If excessive amounts are applied, the residue levels can exceed the standard, which can easily lead to poisoning. Therefore, it is necessary to wash fruits and vegetables before daily consumption. So, how should they be washed?
1. Fruits and vegetables with edible peels
Varieties: Apples, peaches, tomatoes, zucchini, etc.
Washing method: Rub under running tap water for 30-60 seconds. Dr. Brenda Niemira, Chief Scientist at the USDA's Agricultural Research Service, states that rinsing with tap water helps remove 98% of bacteria from produce. Stubborn stains can be scrubbed with a vegetable brush or by hand. However, softer fruits like peaches should not be scrubbed too forcefully to avoid damaging the skin.
2. Fruits and vegetables with peels to be removed
Varieties: Melons like watermelon and cantaloupe, and fruits like oranges and bananas.
Washing method: Use a vegetable brush or a new toothbrush to scrub the skin under running tap water for 30-60 seconds. Dr. Alfred Bushway, a Professor of Food Science at the University of Maine, explains that although the peels of these fruits are generally not eaten directly, the fruit often passes through many hands, and the skin (especially in crevices) is inevitably contaminated with bacteria. When peeling or cutting with a knife, bacteria from the skin can get into the flesh.
3. Clustered fruits and vegetables
Varieties: All kinds of berries and grapes.
Washing method: Remove the stems from the clusters, place them in a colander, and rinse under a running tap water spray for at least 60 seconds. Dr. Sandria Godwin, a Professor at Tennessee State University, mentions that drying the fruit with a paper towel can further remove bacteria.
4. Leafy fruits and vegetables
Varieties: Spinach, lettuce, etc.
Washing method: Remove the outer, older leaves, rinse with cold water for 30-60 seconds, and then let them dry. Even for pre-washed leafy greens, it is best to rinse them with water before cooking.