It is currently the rainy season, which is suitable for mushroom growth. The Changchun Municipal Health Bureau Health Supervision Institute has issued a warning to remind the public to prevent incidents of toxic mushroom poisoning.
Toxic mushroom poisoning
mostly occurs during the rainy season.
Toxic mushrooms, also known as toxic fungi, are a category of extremely toxic natural plants. In China, there are about 100 species of toxic mushrooms. According to records, at least 10 species can be fatal to humans, including Lepiota brunneoincarnata, Amanita virosa, and Galerina autumnalis. Poisoning from toxic mushrooms occurs nationwide and has also happened in Changchun in recent years. Poisoning from toxic mushrooms mostly occurs during the rainy season. Because it is very difficult to identify toxic mushrooms, people often mistakenly pick and eat them when collecting wild mushrooms, leading to poisoning. Eating dried toxic mushrooms can also cause poisoning.
The toxins in toxic mushrooms are very complex; one toxic mushroom can contain several toxins, and one toxin can be present in several species of toxic mushrooms. The toxins in toxic mushrooms are difficult to remove and destroy. The best way to prevent toxic mushroom poisoning is not to pick or eat wild mushrooms.
Clinical manifestations of toxic mushroom poisoning are divided into five types
The clinical manifestations of toxic mushroom poisoning are complex and varied. Generally, they are divided into five types: gastroenteritis type, neuropsychiatric type, hemolytic type, visceral damage type, and sun-induced dermatitis type.
Among them, the onset of gastroenteritis and neuropsychiatric poisoning is relatively fast, with an incubation period of generally half an hour or 4-6 hours. The shortest onset can be as early as 10 minutes after eating toxic mushrooms, but the prognosis is good. With timely treatment, recovery is quick and the mortality rate is low. However, hemolytic and visceral damage poisoning are more severe. Visceral damage poisoning is particularly dangerous, and if not treated promptly, the mortality rate is extremely high. The toxin is highly toxic and is found in the genera Amanita, Lepiota, and Galerina. The incubation period for this type of poisoning is generally 10-24 hours, with the shortest being 7-8 hours. The initial symptoms are gastroenteritis, followed by damage to organs such as the liver, kidneys, heart, and brain, and finally, death can occur due to liver and kidney failure. Currently, there is no specific treatment for toxic mushroom poisoning.
If toxic mushrooms are accidentally ingested, induce vomiting, perform gastric lavage, and an enema
If toxic mushroom poisoning occurs, toxins should be quickly removed through methods such as inducing vomiting, gastric lavage, catharsis, and enema as soon as possible. It is recommended to immediately take measures to stimulate the pharynx to induce vomiting and to seek medical treatment at a healthcare facility promptly.