1、Dentin hypersensitivity: The outer layer of teeth is hard tissue: enamel and dentin. Enamel has no nerve fibers and therefore cannot sense stimuli. Dentin, which lies beneath the enamel, contains dentinal tubules and has sensory functions. When the enamel is worn down or damaged due to injury or other reasons, exposing the underlying dentin, it can lead to sensitivity to cold and heat, sweet and sour stimuli, and mechanical stimulation. This manifests as transient pain that subsides once the stimulus is removed. Several treatment options are available, including desensitization, fillings, root canal therapy, inlays, and crowns. A dentist must select the appropriate treatment based on the specific condition. If left untreated for a long time, it can likely lead to inflammation, calcification, or other changes in the dental pulp. This would make subsequent treatment more complex. Therefore, it is recommended to visit a dental specialist for prompt treatment.
2、Dental caries: When a cavity reaches a certain depth, it approaches the dental pulp, which is very fragile. Stimulation of the pulp can cause pain. The primary treatment for caries is filling. This involves removing the decayed tissue, shaping the cavity, cleaning and disinfecting it, and then filling the space with a restorative material to restore the tooth's original shape and function, thereby halting the progression of decay.
3、Pulpitis: This is inflammation of the dental pulp. It is usually the result of untreated caries that has progressed to the pulp. In addition to pain from cold and heat stimuli, the pain does not subside quickly after the stimulus is removed. Spontaneous pain and pain at night may also occur. This requires pulp therapy, such as root canal treatment.
4、Cracked tooth: This often occurs in molars (the large back teeth). The crack is often aligned with the tooth's natural grooves, making it difficult to detect during an examination. It can cause pain from cold and heat stimuli, as well as transient pain when biting on hard objects. Treatment options include crowns and pulp therapy, and a dentist must choose the appropriate treatment based on the specific situation.