［Analysis］ Many patients with fractures like to use meat bone soup to supplement calcium, but the calcium content in meat bone soup is actually not high. According to an experiment, boiling 1 kg of meat bones for 2 hours yields only about 20 mg of calcium in the soup. However, meat bone soup has a high fat content due to the marrow. The recommended daily calcium intake for adults is 800 mg, and patients with fractures need even more. Supplementing calcium with meat bone soup is far from sufficient; milk or calcium supplements should be used instead.● Misconception Two: Patients with Kidney Stones Cannot Supplement Calcium
［Analysis］ Most kidney stones are formed by the deposition of calcium oxalate in urine, mainly caused by excessive oxalate intake. When excreted through the urinary tract, oxalate combines with calcium to form calcium oxalate deposits, which create kidney stones. The key to preventing and treating kidney stones is to reduce the intake of foods high in oxalate, such as spinach and bamboo shoots. Even when consuming them, they should be boiled to remove oxalate.● Misconception Three: Scaleless Fish Have High Cholesterol
［Analysis］ This generalization is not comprehensive. Indeed, some scaleless fish are high in cholesterol, such as whitebait, river eel, loach, rice eel, and cod. However, not all scaleless fish are high in cholesterol. For example, hairtail and shark have cholesterol levels similar to scaled fish like grass carp, pomfret, and sea bass. [China Cuisine]● Misconception Four: The Less Carbohydrates Diabetic Patients Eat, the Better
［Analysis］ Blood sugar is related to carbohydrate intake. Diabetic patients should appropriately control their carbohydrate intake to prevent blood sugar from exceeding the standard limit. While maintaining a normal body weight and normal energy intake, carbohydrates should still account for 60%-65% of energy. Diabetic patients should consume foods rich in dietary fiber, such as oatmeal and fresh vegetables, with each meal to slow down the digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, preventing a rapid rise in blood sugar and maintaining a more stable level. Simply reducing carbohydrate intake can lead to faster digestion and absorption, causing blood sugar to spike quickly and not last long, which can easily lead to hypoglycemia with symptoms like palpitations, dizziness, and cold sweats.● Misconception Five: Eating Only Vegetables and No Rice at Night Can Help with Weight Loss
［Analysis］ The main cause of simple obesity is excessive energy intake and low energy consumption, leading to energy being converted into and stored as fat in the body. The three major nutrients that produce energy are protein, fat, and carbohydrates. One gram of fat can produce 9 kcal of energy, while one gram of protein and carbohydrates can produce 4 kcal of energy. Eating less rice reduces carbohydrate intake and thus energy intake, but eating more dishes increases fat intake, which produces even more energy. This approach fails to achieve weight loss and instead leads to an imbalance in nutrient intake, which is not beneficial to health.● Misconception Six: Drinking Milk Causes Cataracts in the Elderly
［Analysis］ Some people say that because milk contains cysteine, which can oxidize and easily damage the eye's lens, causing it to become cloudy and form a cataract, the elderly should not drink milk. In fact, milk is rich in calcium, making it a very important source of calcium in the diet. The casein in milk is also a high-quality protein that is beneficial for human absorption and utilization. The formation of cataracts is influenced by multiple factors. The elderly have low antioxidant capabilities and can supplement with antioxidant nutrients such as vitamins C and E, beta-carotene, and trace elements selenium and zinc to prevent senile cataracts.● Misconception Seven: Winter Tonics Should Focus on Supplementing Protein
［Analysis］ The concept of "tonic" is based on deficiency; one should supplement what is lacking. If there is no deficiency, there is no need to supplement. Currently, the protein supply in the Chinese diet is sufficient for the general population, and there is no need for additional supplementation. Moreover, excessive protein supplementation can increase the burden on the liver and kidneys, increase calcium excretion, and make calcium deficiency more likely. Therefore, under normal circumstances, there is no need to supplement protein, except during illness or for special needs. In the Chinese dietary structure, the lacking nutrients are vitamins A, B2, B1, calcium, and zinc. Therefore, supplementing these vitamins and minerals is a more targeted approach.● Misconception Eight: Supplementing Vitamin C Easily Causes Kidney Stones
［Analysis］ Vitamin C is a cofactor for enzymes, involved in collagen synthesis, wound healing, and vascular fragility. Vitamin C also has antioxidant properties, promotes iron absorption, and enhances immune function. The recommended daily intake for adults is 100 mg, and the tolerable upper intake level is 1000 mg. As long as the daily intake of vitamin C is within 1000 mg, it will not cause kidney stones.