A normal person's daily urine output is about 1000-2000 milliliters. If the 24-hour urine output is less than 400 milliliters, it is medically termed "oliguria," and less than 100 milliliters is called "anuria." If the urine output exceeds 2500 milliliters, it is called "polyuria." Therefore, under normal circumstances, a person's average daily water intake should be more than 1000-2000 milliliters. There are several points to pay attention to regarding water intake for patients with renal insufficiency.
Clinically, when renal function declines, water intake should be appropriately controlled according to the condition. Generally, the daily water intake should be the previous day's (24-hour) urine output plus 500 milliliters. It should be noted that this water intake does not only include the water you drink, but also the water from vegetables, fruits, food, and intravenous infusions.
In the stage of renal insufficiency or failure (uremia), patients cannot expel excess water and toxins from their body in a timely manner. The accumulation of these in the body can cause edema and increased blood pressure. In severe cases, it can induce acute left heart failure, which is life-threatening. Therefore, patients with renal insufficiency must not drink excessively. This is an important measure to protect the kidneys, avoid worsening the condition, and delay disease progression.